📜 The Devil’s Punchbowl Massacre in Natchez, Mississippi

The Devil’s Punchbowl Massacre exposes a buried tragedy of the Reconstruction era in Natchez, Mississippi. After emancipation, thousands of formerly enslaved Africans seeking safety were confined by Union authorities to a contraband camp at the Devil’s Punchbowl, where starvation, disease, and neglect led to mass death. Drawing on newspaper accounts, census gaps, military records, and oral histories, this eBook documents how the site became a place of silent extermination—and how its memory was deliberately erased.